What is junctional parenchymal defect?

Junctional parenchymal defect (JPD) is a triangular or linear hyperechoic structure in the anterosuperior or posteroinferior surface of the kidney. The intermediate septum is a band-like cortex, running obliquely in the central echo complex.

What is a cortical defect of kidney?

Renal cortical defects have a variety of causes, and present on imaging as an area of focal cortical thinning or absence of renal cortex, sometimes accompanied by focal caliectasis.

What is a duplex right kidney?

Duplex kidney, also known as duplicated ureters or duplicated collecting system, is the most common birth defect related to the urinary tract. This occurs due to an incomplete fusion of the upper and lower pole of the kidney which creates two separate drainage systems from the kidney. Most people do not need treatment.

What is angiomyolipoma of the kidney?

(AN-jee-oh-MY-oh-lih-POH-muh) A benign (noncancer) tumor of fat and muscle tissue that usually is found in the kidney. Angiomyolipomas rarely cause symptoms, but may bleed or grow large enough to be painful or cause kidney failure.

Is cortical scarring in kidney serious?

Children with recurrent urinary tract infections, especially in the setting of vesico-ureteric reflux, are at risk of renal cortical scarring and reflux nephropathy. In some cases, extensive scarring can impact overall renal function – as in this case where the function of the left kidney has been reduced.

What is renal parenchymal scarring?

Renal parenchymal damage and scarring usually is associated with urinary tract infection (UTI), whereas the impact of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) on the kidneys is unclear.

Is duplex kidney serious?

Duplex kidneys can occur in one or both kidneys. Duplex kidneys are a normal variant, meaning that they occur commonly enough in healthy children to be considered normal. They occur in 1 percent of the population, and most cause no medical problems and will require no treatment.

Can duplex kidney go away?

Duplex kidneys that are not causing problems do not require treatment. However, if they are causing symptoms and affecting the patient’s health or quality of life, doctors may recommend one of the following: Nephrectomy – kidney removal.

Is angiomyolipoma in kidney serious?

A renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a type of tumor in your kidney. Almost all are benign (noncancerous), but they can hemorrhage, which can be life-threatening.

Does angiomyolipoma require surgery?

Angiomyolipoma of the Kidney. Angiomyolipoma is a condition in which benign tumors form in your kidney. You may have no symptoms, or you may have anemia, fever, pain or high blood pressure. Tumors that grow may need treatment such as embolization or surgery to reduce the risk of bleeding.

What is the treatment for kidney scarring?

Researchers at Monash University are currently developing a therapy, involving a drug called serelaxin, to reduce kidney scarring in a given patient. Once scarring is reduced, they introduce stem cells to the patient, and these stem cells help the injured kidney repair itself.

What is the treatment for renal parenchymal disease?

Treatments depends on the underlying cause and controlling that, plus alleviating symptoms and preventing complications are the focus of management. Medications, fluid management, attention to calorie intake, dietary changes, dialysis and possibly kidney transplantation are all frequently utilized.

What is parenchyma of kidney?

Parenchyma. The solid part of the kidney, where the process of waste excretion takes place. Cortex. The outer layer of the parenchyma consisting of connective tissue.

How do you treat a duplex kidney?

Treatments for duplex kidneys

1. Nephrectomy – kidney removal.
2. Heminephrectomy – part of the affected kidney and duplicated ureter are removed.
3. Ureteroureterostomy – in the case of an ectopic ureter, it is split near the bladder and joined to the normal ureter, allowing urine from the upper kidney to drain as normal.

Can duplex kidneys cause pain?

The most common symptoms of duplex kidney are flank pain and hematuria caused by obstruction and in- fection of the upper moiety of duplex kidney.

Is a duplex kidney painful?

The most common symptoms of duplex kidney are flank pain and hematuria caused by obstruction and in- fection of the upper moiety of duplex kidney. 4 Ectopic ureteral orifice is usually associated with urinary inconti- nence in females, resulting from insertion of the ure- teral orifice below the urethral sphincter.

What kind of doctor treats angiomyolipoma?

Alex Shteynshlyuger is a fellowship trained, board-certified urologist specializing in the treatment of kidney masses including angiomyolipoma. He utilizes most modern and effective treatment options for managing patients with angiomyolipoma including angioembolization, robotic surgery including partial nephrectomy.

Can angiomyolipoma turn malignant?

Renal angiomyolipomas are usually small, and they rarely become a major problem. But a very small proportion can become malignant (cancerous) or cause serious bleeding. Renal AMLs should be monitored carefully.

What is the most serious complication of angiomyolipoma?

The most common serious complication of renal angiomyolipoma is hemorrhage. Epithelioid angiomyolipoma is a recently recognized variant with malignant potential. Angiomyolipoma and lymphangiomyoma are closely related, and tumors with features of both have occurred.

Is kidney scarring serious?

Renal scarring can have serious repercussions in some children, including hypertension and chronic kidney disease. However, there are currently no therapies to prevent renal scarring or ways of identifying those patients most at risk for developing renal scars.

What is a junctional parenchymal defect?

The defects in the parenchyma occur at the junction of the renunculi; hence we have termed them junctional parenchymal defects. In order to differentiate them from pathologic conditions, one must identify their characteristic location and demonstrate continuity with the renal sinus.

What are junctional parenchymal defects in renal imaging?

Junctional parenchymal defects in renal imaging are a normal variant, which results from the incomplete embryonic fusion of renunculi.

What causes echogenic defects in the parenchyma?

Occasionally similar echogenic defects in the parenchyma can be seen posteriorly in the lower pole and in the left kidney. These defects in the parenchyma result from normal extensions of the renal sinus of kidneys that have a distinct division of their upper and lower poles.

Is there a triangular echogenic area in the upper pole renal parenchyma?

A triangular echogenic area in the upper pole renal parenchyma can be identified at times during routine sonography of the right kidney. Thirty such cases are presented.