What is a phytosanitary treatment?

A phytosanitary treatment is an official procedure for the killing, inactivation or removal of pests, or for rendering pests infertile or for devitalisation (FAO 2009). These treatments are for plants or plant material.

What is irradiation in postharvest?

Irradiation is a physical treatment used to control postharvest diseases and appears to offer one of the most viable alternatives to the use of chemicals. The penetrating power and uniformity of irradiation and its derived effectiveness on the inactivation of pathogens is better than that of fungicides.

What are the benefits of irradiation?

Benefits of food irradiation reduced risk of food-borne diseases caused by micro-organisms such as Campylobacter, Salmonella, E. coli and Listeria (especially in meat, poultry and fish) less need for pesticides. less need for some additives, such as preservatives and antioxidants.

Why do we irradiate food?

Food irradiation (the application of ionizing radiation to food) is a technology that improves the safety and extends the shelf life of foods by reducing or eliminating microorganisms and insects. Like pasteurizing milk and canning fruits and vegetables, irradiation can make food safer for the consumer.

What is phytosanitary inspection?

Phytosanitary inspection means an inspection of documents, identity and health check of plants, plant products or other regulated articles to determine if harmful organisms are present.

Why is a phytosanitary certificate necessary?

Phytosanitary certificates are important documents required for the export of plants and plants-based products. As an exporter of these products, you must ensure that they meet the export parameters. For example, these items must be free from pests and disease-causing infections.

What is a phytosanitary certificate for plants?

A phytosanitary certificate is a document which confirms the health status of a plant material (Plant or plant product) that are exported to a country. The certificate is issued by the NPPO of the country of export confirming required import conditions requested by the country of import.

How does a phytosanitary certificate work?

Phytosanitary certificates are official documents which certify that the plants or plant products have been officially inspected, are free from quarantine pests, are practically free from other injurious pests, and conform to the current phytosanitary regulations of the importing country.

What is irradiation and examples?

Definition of irradiation 1 : exposure to radiation (such as X-rays or alpha particles) 2 : the application of radiation (such as X-rays or gamma rays) for therapeutic purposes or for sterilization (as of food) also : partial or complete sterilization by irradiation.

What does irradiation mean?

Listen to pronunciation. (ih-RAY-dee-AY-shun) The use of high-energy radiation from x-rays, gamma rays, neutrons, protons, and other sources to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors.

What is an example of irradiation?

Shining visible radiation from a torch beam onto a hand lights the hand up because the hand has been exposed to light. Exposing objects to beams of radiation is called irradiation .

Why is phytosanitary important?

Phytosanitary Certificate is an important document to export regulated articles such as plants, bulks, and tubers. For importing seeds for propagation, fruits and vegetables, cut flowers and branches, grain and growing medium.

What irradiance means?

Definition of irradiance 1 : radiance sense 1. 2 : the density of radiation incident on a given surface usually expressed in watts per square centimeter or square meter.

What do we mean by irradiation?

How do you use phytosanitary?

After login into the system, click on the “Apply Online” for obtaining the Phytosanitary Certificate. The exporter can submit the following applications online for Phytosanitary Certificate by clicking the respective link: Phyto-Sanitary Certificates. Re-Export Phyto-Sanitary Certificates.

What is the difference between sanitary and phytosanitary?

Sanitary (human and animal health) and phytosanitary (plant health) measures apply to domestically produced food or local animal and plant diseases, as well as to products coming from other countries.

What is difference between irradiance and intensity?

It is important to realize that the intensity is defined as the amount of energy going through an area perpendicular to the beam, while irradiance refers to what amount of energy arrives on a certain surface with a given orientation.

What is the difference between insolation and irradiation?

Irradiance is a measure of solar power whereas insolation is a measure of solar energy.

What are the advantages of phytosanitary irradiation?

A key advantage of phytosanitary irradiation is that treatment doses are tolerated by many commodities without adverse effects on their sensory and physicochemical profiles. Conventional methods of phytosanitation, such as hot water dips and fumigation with methyl bromide, can affect sensory quality and damage the fruit.

What kind of radiation is used to treat phytosanitary diseases?

Ionizing radiation such as gamma rays, electron beam, X-rays can be used to provide phytosanitary treatment.

What are the sources of irradiation in radiation?

The sources of irradiation for gamma rays are Cobalt 60 and Cesium 137. X-rays are produced by accelerating electrons at a metal sources such as gold and electron beams are produced via an electron accelerator. Phytosanitary irradiation is used to control the spread of non-native species from one geographical area to another.

What are the disadvantages of phytosanitation?

Conventional methods of phytosanitation, such as hot water dips and fumigation with methyl bromide, can affect sensory quality and damage the fruit. Compared to the doses used for microorganisms, the doses for phytosanitation are considerable lower and adverse effects are minimal.