Where is estrogen receptor alpha located?

the nucleus
The estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is found predominately in the nucleus, both in hormone stimulated and untreated cells. Intracellular distribution of the ERα changes in the presence of agonists but the impact of different antiestrogens on the fate of ERα is a matter of debate.

What are the two estrogen receptors?

There are two different forms of the estrogen receptor, usually referred to as α and β, each encoded by a separate gene (ESR1 and ESR2, respectively).

What does the estrogen receptor beta do?

ERβ may inhibit cell proliferation and opposes the actions of ERα in reproductive tissue. ERβ may also have an important role in adaptive function of the lung during pregnancy. ERβ is a potent tumor suppressor and plays a crucial role in many cancer types such as prostate cancer and ovarian cancer.

What is the function of the estrogen receptor alpha?

Estrogen Receptor Alpha. When ERα is bound by its principal ligand, estradiol, the receptor-steroid complex converts to a form that binds with high affinity to nuclear components, allowing it to activate or represses the expression of numerous genes involved in a wide variety developmental, organizational, and other functions.

What is estrogen receptor-α (ERα)?

Estrogen receptor-α (ERα) is a key transcription factor in breast cancer and was believed to promote proliferation of breast cancer cells by binding to proximal promoters of key oncogenes. From: Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, 2013

What is the estrogen receptor β subtype?

The estrogen receptor β subtype: A novel mediator of estrogen action in neuroendocrine systems. Front Neuroendocrin. 1998;19:253–286. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 57. Gold SM, Voskuhl RR.

Is there a role for estrogen-receptor alpha-selective agonists in the treatment of diabetes?

Since most of the undesirable proliferative effects of estrogens involve activation of ERα, fewer efforts have been devoted to the development of pharmaceuticals that ERα-selective agonists than for ERβ-selective agonists. Nevertheless, ERα undoubtedly has a significant role in preventing osteoporosis, obesity, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.