What are the characteristics of class Monogenea?

Monogeneans lack respiratory, skeletal, and circulatory systems and have no or weakly developed oral suckers. Like other flatworms, Monogenea have no true body cavity (coelom). They have a simple digestive system consisting of a mouth opening with a muscular pharynx and an intestine with no terminal opening (anus).

What is an example of Monogenea?

Gyrodactylus
GyrodactylidaeArchigyrodactylus
Monogenea/Lower classifications

What do Monogenea look like?

* While the majority of Monogeneans are dorsoventrally flattened, the smaller ones appear more cylindrical. * They also tend to be colorless while others are semitransparent compared to Turbellarians which are very colorful.

What are the general characteristics of trematodes?

Trematodes are flatworms classified in the phylum Platyhelminthes, class Trematoda, subclass Digenea. In general, trematodes are dorso-ventrally flattened and leaflike in shape. Their bodies are covered with tegument, which is usually armed with scalelike spines. They have two suckers: one oral and one ventral.

What are Monogenea and Digenea?

The name “digenea” refers to the alternation of generations between sexually-reproducing adult and asexually reproducing larval stages. This contrasts with the Monogenea, which reproduce sexually only. Adults produce an egg. Subsequent development follows myriad routes, depending on the species involved.

What causes Monogenea?

Between 4,000 and 5,000 species of monogeneans have been described. They are found on fishes in fresh and salt water and in a wide range of water temperatures. Morbidity and mortality epidemics caused by excessive parasite loads are not uncommon in captive fishes and have also occurred in wild fishes.

How many species are in Monogenea?

There are approximately 5000 species of monogeneans described worldwide, with 318 species in 125 genera and 28 families listed in the most recent checklist of species found in Australia.

How big are Monogenea?

Monogenean body sizes vary greatly, from less than 1 mm up to a few centimetres in length. The sizes of the hosts they exploit also vary considerably, from small minnows or frogs to huge sharks.

Do Monogenea have multiple hosts?

Monogenea have an indirect life-cycle, meaning they always have more than one host species and the animal lives in separate hosts during different stages of its life. The host that the adult animal lives in is called the ‘Primary’ host.

What is the difference between nematodes and trematodes?

Nematodes have a simple body form, often referred to as a “tube within a tube,” with a simple digestive system that extends from the mouth at one end to the anus at the other. Trematodes have flat, unsegmented bodies usually shaped like a leaf or an oval.

What are the features of Digenea?

Key features There are typically two suckers, an anterior oral sucker surrounding the mouth, and a ventral sucker sometimes termed the acetabulum, on the ventral surface. The oral sucker surrounds the mouth, while the ventral sucker is a blind muscular organ with no connection to any internal structure.

What type of disease is Monogenea?

Monogeneans are a class of parasitic flatworms that are commonly found on fishes and lower aquatic invertebrates.

What is the life cycle of Monogenea?

Monogeneans are usually strictly host specific, and have a single host lifecycle. Adult monogeneans are hermaphroditic and lay their eggs directly into the water, from which a free-swimming larva will hatch. The larva must infect a host to complete the lifecycle.

What do Monogenea feed on?

Most monogeneans are browsers that move about freely on the fish’s body surface feeding on mucus and epithelial cells of the skin and gills; however, a few adult monogeneans will remain permanently attached to a single site on the host.

Is Monogenea a trematode?

Though the terms monogenetic trematodes and flukes are often used to describe this group of parasites, both are incorrect because monogeneans are not trematodes or flukes. In fact, they are distinct from the other parasitic flatworms, which include turbellarians, tapeworms, and trematodes (the true flukes).

What is one morphological characteristic of nematodes that differentiate trematodes?

Nematodes have a simple body form, often referred to as a “tube within a tube,” with a simple digestive system that extends from the mouth at one end to the anus at the other. Trematodes have flat, unsegmented bodies usually shaped like a leaf or an oval. Nematodes have two sexes and reproduce sexually.

What is Monogenea and Digenea?

What is Digenea life cycle?

The digenean (two-host) life cycle of a parasitic trematode typically consists of a vertebrate primary host, in which sexual reproduction of the parasite occurs, and an intermediate host, typically an aquatic snail, in which the parasite reproduces asexually.

How is Monogenea treated?

Treatment. The treatment of choice for monogeneans for both freshwater and marine fishes is praziquantel; however, praziquantel is not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in fishes.