Which Portacaval anastomosis results in caput medusae?

Portal hypertension
Portal hypertension Signs and symptoms are varicose veins on the abdominal wall called caput medusae, oesophageal varices, enlargement of the spleen, accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.

What side is Portacaval shunt on?

It is concluded that side-to-side portacaval shunt, which decompresses the liver by converting the portal vein into an outflow tract, provides effective treatment of the Budd-Chiari syndrome when the occlusive process is confined to the hepatic veins.

What is meant by Portacaval anastomosis?

A portocaval anastomosis or porto-systemic anastomosis is a specific type of anastomosis that occurs between the veins of the portal circulation and those of the systemic circulation. When there is a blockage of the portal system, portocaval anastomosis enables the blood to still reach the systemic venous circulation.

How do you remember Portacaval anastomosis?

It can be memorized by the mnemonic “varices of gut, butt, and caput (medusae).”

When is a Portacaval shunt used?

Portacaval shunting is a surgical treatment to create new connections between two blood vessels in your abdomen. It is used to treat people who have severe liver problems.

Where is the Portacaval region?

ABSTRACT : The portacaval space is a relatively narrow region between the portal vein and the inferior vena cava that is usually well seen on cross-sectional abdominal imaging studies [1].

How is portal hypertension reduced?

Systemic drugs, such as non-selective beta-blockers, statins, or antibiotics, reduce portal hypertension by decreasing intrahepatic resistance or portal tributary blood flow or by blunting inflammatory stimuli inside and outside the liver.

How does a Portacaval shunt work?

Portacaval shunting diverts part of your blood flow from the liver. This improves blood flow in your stomach, esophagus, and intestines. Portacaval shunting is most often done when transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting (TIPS) has not worked. TIPS is a much simpler and less invasive procedure.

What is shunt in ascites?

Peritoneovenous shunt is a device that relieves ascites by transferring fluid through a one-way valve from the peritoneal cavity into the superior vena cava. It has been advocated as primary treatment for BCS by LeVeen and colleagues (LeVeen et al, 1976).

How do you remember portacaval anastomosis?

What is the anastomosis vein?

An anastomosis refers to any join between two vessels. Circulatory anastomoses are named based on the vessels they join: two arteries (arterio-arterial anastomosis), two veins (veno-venous anastomosis), or between an artery and a vein (arterio-venous anastomosis).

Why is propranolol used for portal hypertension?

Propranolol is a noncardioselective beta-blocker that reduces portal pressure through the reduction of portal and collateral blood flow. It competes with adrenergic neurotransmitters (eg, catecholamines) at sympathetic receptor sites.

What is a DC shunt?

What is a DC shunt? A direct current (DC) shunt is a specific type of resistor designed to send a millivolt output to a meter, or other instrument, that is in proportion to the current flowing through the shunt.

How does Tips reduce ascites?

TIPS decrease the effective vascular resistance of the liver by the creation of a tract between the higher-pressure portal vein and the lower-pressure hepatic vein, decreasing the portal venous pressure. This in turn lessens the congestive pressure in veins in the intestine reducing production of ascites.

How do you drain ascites?

As a supportive treatment, ascites can be drained by paracentesis (PC), percutaneously implanted catheters (tunneled, untunneled, central venous catheters), or peritoneal ports, or peritoneovenous shunts.

How is anastomosis done?

The surgeon accesses your bowel using one or more incisions and removes the diseased or damaged bowel. The remaining bowel is stapled or sewn together. This is known as an anastomosis. Your surgeon will also perform a colostomy if needed.

Which beta-blocker is best for portal hypertension?

Timolol. Timolol is a noncardioselective beta-blocker that reduces portal pressure through the reduction of portal and collateral blood flow.

What is propranolol used for?

1. About propranolol. Propranolol belongs to a group of medicines called beta blockers. It’s used to treat heart problems, help with anxiety and prevent migraines.

What is portacaval anastomosis?

A portacaval anastomosis is a specific type of anastomosis that occurs between the veins of the portal circulation and those of the systemic circulation.

What is the function of the porto systemic anastomosis?

Function of the porto-systemic anastomosis. Provide alternative routes of venous blood circulation when there is a blockage in the liver or portal vein. Ensure that venous blood from the gastrointestinal tract still reaches the heart through the inferior vena cava without going through the liver.

What is the size of the anastomosis to the vena cava?

A portion of the vena cava wall is then excised that should measure approximately 4 mm long and 2 mm wide ex vivo. The anastomosis to the vena cava is sewn with running 5-0 polypropylene suture, beginning at the cephalad apex of the anastomosis and progressing along the back, or left, medial wall ( Fig. 76B.4 ).

What is the anastomosis of the rectum?

The anastomosis between the superior rectal veins, which are portal veins, and the inferior and middle rectal veins, which are systemic veins. The site of this anastomosis is the upper part of the anal canal.