What is expansion sphincter Pharyngoplasty?

Modified expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty (ESP) is a simple procedure and can be considered in the surgical management of children with severe OSA. Objective To describe a modified ESP addressing lateral pharyngeal muscle wall collapse in the treatment of children with OSA.

What is Velopharyngeal insufficiency?

Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) occurs when the back part of the roof of the mouth (soft palate) and the pharynx (throat) don’t work together to make a good seal when your child is talking. This is often caused by a soft palate that is too short or muscles of the palate that do not work well.

What is Pharyngectomy?

(FAYR-in-JEK-toh-mee) Surgery to remove all or part of the pharynx (throat). The pharynx is the hollow tube inside the neck that starts behind the nose and ends at the top of the trachea (windpipe) and esophagus (the tube that goes to the stomach). A pharyngectomy may be done to treat certain types of throat cancer.

Where is the lateral pharyngeal wall?

The oropharynx is located right behind the oral cavity or the mouth. It starts from the uvula and ends in the hyoid bone. The lateral wall of the oropharynx is where the palatine tonsils are located. Other parts of the lateral wall are the tonsillar fossa and tonsillar pillars.

How do you fix velopharyngeal insufficiency?

The treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency or velopharyngeal incompetence usually requires a surgical procedure (tonsillectomy, Furlow Z-plasty, pharyngeal flap, sphincter pharyngoplasty, or posterior pharyngeal wall implant).

How do you stop Hyponasality?

The treatment of hypernasality secondary to velo- pharyngeal insufficiency may include surgical intervention, a prosthetic device, or speech therapy. It should be noted that changing velopharyngeal structure with surgery or a prosthesis does not change function. Therefore, speech therapy is indicated in most cases.

How do you fix hypernasality?

Feedback for hypernasality or nasal emission: Have him produce an oral sound in a syllable. If there is hypernasality or nasal emission, it will be heard loudly through the tube. Ask the child to try to reduce or eliminate the sound coming through the tube as he produces oral sounds and then words with oral sounds.

Can you talk after voice box removal?

If you have had all of your larynx removed (total laryngectomy), you will not be able to speak normally, because you’ll no longer have vocal cords. There are a number of different ways you can learn to communicate again, although they can take weeks or months to learn.

Can voice box be replaced?

A voice prosthesis is the most common way to restore speech after surgery. After surgery to remove the whole of your voice box (total laryngectomy), you are no longer able to speak in the normal way. But there are different ways you can communicate and learn to speak again.

What is the pharyngeal wall?

The posterior pharyngeal wall is the back wall of the swallowing passage. The upper part of the posterior pharyngeal wall can be seen when one looks through an opened mouth, beyond the soft palate, uvula, and tonsils. There is a layer of mucosa, then muscle, and then the bodies of the cervical vertebrae.

What is a velopharyngeal sphincter?

A group of muscles attached to the SOFT PALATE (or velum) and the PHARYNX. They include the superior constrictor, the PALATOPHARYNGEUS, the levator veli palatini muscle, and the muscularis uvulae. This sphincter is situated between the oral and nasal cavities.