What is the nursing management of the patient with multiple myeloma?

Key goals for effective management include: pain assessment and control; educating patients on the need for adequate hydration; prompt recognition of the signs of spinal-cord compression and hypercalcaemia; management of fatigue; psychosocial support of the patient and family; and provision of relevant, high-quality.

What are nursing interventions for low platelet count?

Nursing interventions. Nursing interventions include prevention, early identification, and management of thrombocytopenia and its complications. Take steps to minimize the patient’s risk of injury, as by preventing falls, reducing the bleeding risk, and preventing infection.

Can multiple myeloma cause ITP?

While thrombocytopenia may be seen with multiple myeloma commonly, ITP has rarely been encountered as an association with multiple myeloma. In most cases, thrombocytopenia results from chemotherapy during multiple myeloma treatment or marrow infiltration by the plasma cells.

Is ITP treated with chemotherapy?

In ITP, chemotherapy is used to slow the formation of cells producing inappropriate antibodies in the immune system. Some types of medications used include azathioprine, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, or vinblastine.

Which complication does the nurse expect in a patient who has multiple myeloma?

What complications do nurses need to watch for in patients with multiple myeloma? Multiple myeloma impacts many body systems. The CRAB features generally specify symptoms that lead to complications in multiple myeloma: Calcium elevation; Renal dysfunction; Anemia; Bone disease.

Which attribute is included in the nursing code of ethics?

Which attributes are included in the nursing code of ethics? Select all that apply. Advocacy, responsibility, accountability, and confidentiality are guiding principles in a code of ethics.

How do you care for a patient with thrombocytopenia?

If you have thrombocytopenia, try to:

1. Avoid activities that could cause injury. Ask your doctor which activities are safe for you.
2. Drink alcohol in moderation, if at all. Alcohol slows the production of platelets in your body.
3. Use caution with over-the-counter medications.

What is ITP nursing?

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), now more commonly referred to as immune thrombocytopenia, is defined as a hemorrhagic disorder in which there is a pronounced reduction in circulating blood platelets due to the presence in blood plasma of a substance that agglutinates platelets.

How does multiple myeloma affect platelets?

Multiple myeloma can also cause the level of platelets in the blood to become low (called thrombocytopenia). This can lead to increased bleeding and bruising. Another condition that can develop is leukopenia (a shortage of normal white blood cells). This can lead to problems fighting infections.

Why are platelets low in multiple myeloma patients?

In myeloma, abnormal plasma cells multiply and spread within the bone marrow, eventually crowding out the normal blood cells and preventing the bone marrow from working properly. This means the bone marrow produces fewer blood cells, including platelets.

Why platelet is not transfused in patients with ITP?

Platelet transfusions are frequently administered to hospitalized patients with platelet consumptive/destructive disorders such as TTP, HIT, and ITP. Platelet transfusions are associated with higher odds of arterial thrombosis and mortality among TTP and HIT patients.

When do you transfuse platelets for ITP?

The 2010 international consensus guidelines on the diagnosis and management of ITP (Blood, 2010) recommends that platelet transfusions be reserved for use when an urgent restoration in platelet count is needed, such as for patients who are bleeding and those preparing for surgery.

What is the best treatment for thrombocytopenia?

Treatment

• Blood or platelet transfusions. If your platelet level becomes too low, your doctor can replace lost blood with transfusions of packed red blood cells or platelets.
• Medications.
• Surgery.
• Plasma exchange.

How can I stop bleeding from thrombocytopenia?

Severe Thrombocytopenia

1. Medicines. Your doctor may prescribe corticosteroids, also called steroids for short.
2. Blood or Platelet Transfusions. Blood or platelet transfusions are used to treat people who have active bleeding or are at a high risk of bleeding.
3. Splenectomy. A splenectomy is surgery to remove the spleen.

What is ITP and how is it treated?

Most adults with ITP will eventually need treatment, as the condition often becomes severe or long term (chronic). Treatment may include a number of approaches, such as medications to boost your platelet count or surgery to remove your spleen (splenectomy).

Are platelets low in multiple myeloma patients?

Low blood counts Shortages of red blood cells, white blood cells, and blood platelets are common in multiple myeloma and might lead to other symptoms. Anemia: A reduced number of red blood cells that can cause weakness, a reduced ability to exercise, shortness of breath, and dizziness.

How is thrombocytopenia treated in patients with multiple myeloma (MM)?

In the case series by Gupta et al ], their patient with concurrent ITP and MM, thrombocytopenia responded to treatment with IVIg and was subsequently started on chemotherapy with VAD for MM treatment.

What is the treatment for multiple myeloma?

Often, treatment for multiple myeloma consists of a combination of these therapies (filtered, treated, reintroduced, and replaced). It’s complicated Complications of multiple myeloma include acute renal failure, anemia, bone damage, intractable pain, and recurrent infections.

What are immunomodulating agents used to treat multiple myeloma?

Immunomodulating agents change a patient’s immune response by modifying or regulating one or more immune response functions. The three main immunomodulating agents used to treat multiple myeloma are thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide.

How does multiple myeloma cause low platelet levels?

The abnormal plasma cells compress WBCs, placing the patient at an increased risk for infection and resulting in lower platelet levels (thrombocytopenia) that put the patient at risk for bleeding disorders. Types of multiple myeloma There are two types of multiple myeloma: oligosecretory and nonsecretory.