What organelles are in cartilage cells?

Chondrocytes’ size and shape vary depending on the anatomical layer, but all of them has organelles like endoplasmic retinaculum and Golgi membrane for matrix synthesis. Cytoskeleton of chondrocytes is composed of actin, tubulin and vimentin filaments.

What is cartilage extracellular matrix composed of?

Cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed primarily of the network type II collagen (COLII) and an interlocking mesh of fibrous proteins and proteoglycans (PGs), hyaluronic acid (HA), and chondroitin sulfate (CS).

What are the components of cartilage matrix?

The cartilage matrix is composed of collagens (primarily type II collagen with minor collagen types IX and XI) and proteoglycans. Although a number of proteinases have been found in the arthritic joints (Nagase and Woessner, 1993), matrixins are considered to be key enzymes for the degradation of cartilage matrix.

What is cartilage matrix produced by?

Growth plate chondrocytes
Growth plate chondrocytes secrete a cartilage matrix, which is composed of many different proteins, including multiple types of collagen, and proteoglycans.

What are cells of cartilage called?

Cells: Chondrocytes and the precusor forms of chondrocytes known as chondroblasts are the only cells found in cartilage. Chondrocytes make up “cell nests,” groups of chondrocytes within lacunae.

What is cartilage cells?

Cartilage is made up of specialized cells called chondrocytes. These chondrocytes produce large amounts of extracellular matrix composed of collagen fibres, proteoglycan, and elastin fibers. There are no blood vessels in cartilage to supply the chondrocytes with nutrients.

What are the name of the cells within cartilage matrix?

The cells of cartilage, called chondrocytes, are isolated in small lacunae within the matrix. Although cartilage is avascular, gaseous metabolites and nutrients can diffuse through the aqueous phase of the gel-like matrix to reach the cells.

What is the main cell type in cartilage called?

chondrocytes
The main cell types in cartilage are chondrocytes, the ground substance is chondroitin sulfate, and the fibrous sheath is called perichondrium.

Which of the following cells are found in cartilage?

Which of the following cells is found in the cartilaginous tissue of the body? (a) Mast cells (b) Basophils (c) Osteocytes (d) Chondrocytes. Chondrocytes are the cells making up the cartilage. They are pivotal to synthesize cartilage matrix and sustain the extracellular matrix.

What type of tissue is cartilage?

Cartilage is a non-vascular type of supporting connective tissue that is found throughout the body . Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue that differs from bone in several ways; it is avascular and its microarchitecture is less organized than bone.

What are chondrocytes and osteocytes?

Chondrocytes are cells in the cartilage. They produce and maintain the cartilaginous matrix. Osteocytes are star shaped cells found in mature bones. They lie within the lacunae of fully formed bones.

What type of cells form cartilage?

What is chondroblasts and chondrocytes?

Chondroblasts, or perichondrial cells, is the name given to mesenchymal progenitor cells in situ which, from endochondral ossification, will form chondrocytes in the growing cartilage matrix. Another name for them is subchondral cortico-spongious progenitors. They have euchromatic nuclei and stain by basic dyes.

How are cartilage cells arranged?

ossification the cells of the cartilage usually become arranged in rather definite rows parallel to the long axis of the bone, and that they become greatly enlarged just in advance of the marrow which removes the cartilage and deposits bone matrix.

Which of the following cells are found in cartilage quizlet?

Cartilage Cells are called chondrocytes.

What cells form cartilage and bone?

It is made up of cells called chondroblasts and chondrocytes, (chondro – cartilage) and extracellular matrix, made up about 10% aggrecan, 75% water, and a mix of collagen fibres and other constituents.

Where are chondrocytes in cartilage?

How is cartilage formed?

Cartilage is formed from the mesoderm germ layer by the process known as chondrogenesis. Mesenchyme differentiates into chondroblasts which are the cells that secrete the major components of the extracellular matrix. The most important of these components for cartilage formation being aggrecan and type II collagen.

What are the different types of cells in cartilage?

Be able to identify cells and structures in a sections of cartilage (e.g. chondroblast, chondrocyte, lacuna, isogenous group, two types of matrix, the perichondrium, etc.). Know the contents of cartilage matrix and understand the molecular basis for cartilage resilience. Are there identifiable stem cells in cartilage?

Where is the fibrocartilage matrix not found in the ear?

Its matrix consists of type II collagen and hyaluronan, and it is NOT found in the pinna of the ear and epiglottis (elastic cartilage is found there). 2. Which of the following statement (s) is/are true about fibrocartilage?

Where is elastic cartilage found in the respiratory system?

Look for the plates of elastic cartilage found just under the glands deep to the respiratory epithelium. Observe that there are chondrocytes within lacunae just as in hyaline cartilage, but note the eosinophilic, fibrillar matrix due to the presence of elastic fibers.

What does the staining of the cartilage mean?

The staining actually reflects the relative content of aggrecan. Try to find an area where the cartilage has not pulled away from its investing fibrous perichondrium.