What is neomycin phosphotransferase II?

Neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII; EC 2.7. 1.95) is the most widely used selectable marker in the transformation of organisms including yeast, Dictyostelium discoideum, mammals, and plants. NPTII was initially isolated from the transposon Tn5 that was present in the bacterium strain Escherichia coli K12.

What is neomycin used for?

Neomycin, an antibiotic, is used to prevent or treat skin infections caused by bacteria. It is not effective against fungal or viral infections. This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

What is neomycin skin ointment used for?

Neomycin, polymyxin, and bacitracin combination is used to prevent minor skin injuries such as cuts, scrapes, and burns from becoming infected. Neomycin, polymyxin, and bacitracin are in a class of medications called antibiotics. Neomycin, polymyxin, and bacitracin combination works by stopping the growth of bacteria.

Why neomycin is used in hepatic coma?

Hepatic Coma (portal-systemic encephalopathy) Neomycin sulfate has been shown to be effective adjunctive therapy in hepatic coma by reduction of the ammoniaforming bacteria in the intestinal tract. The subsequent reduction in blood ammonia has resulted in neurologic improvement.

Is neomycin A neo-resistance gene?

Many commercially available protein expression plasmids contain a neo -resistance gene as a selectable marker . Neomycin was first isolated from the Streptomyces fradiae and Streptomyces albogriseus in 1949 (NBRC 12773).

Is neomycin A biosynthetic pathway?

Biosynthetic pathway. Neomycin is a mixture of neomycin B (framycetin); and its epimer neomycin C, the latter component accounting for some 5–15% of the mixture. It is a basic compound that is most active with an alkaline reaction. It is also a thermostable compound that is soluble in water while insoluble in organic solvents.

What is the mechanism of action of neomycin?

Neomycin’s antibacterial activity stems from its binding to the 30S subunit of the prokaryotic ribosome, where it inhibits prokaryotic translation of mRNA. Neomycin also exhibits a high binding affinity for phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), a phospholipid component of cell membranes.

Does neomycin bind to a-site RNA?

The association constant for neomycin with A-site RNA is in the 10 9 M −1 range. However, more than 50 years after its discovery, its DNA-binding properties were still unknown. Neomycin has been shown to induce thermal stabilization of triplex DNA, while having little or almost no effect on the B-DNA duplex stabilization.