What is EPA to 14?

TO-14 is one of the EPA’s, Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in ambient air. This method is designed for samples collected in Summa® canisters and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GCMS).

WHAT IS A to 15?

Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Air TO-15 Volatile Organics are defined as compounds having a vapor pressure greater than 10-1 Torr at 25EC and 760 mm Hg.

What are Compendium Methods?

The Compendium contains a set of 17 peer reviewed, standardized methods for the determination of volatile, semi-volatile, and selected toxic organic pollutants in the air.

What is a summa canister?

A Summa canister is a stainless steel container that has had the internal surfaces specially passivated using a “Summa” process. This process combines an electropolishing step with a chemical deactivation step to produce a surface that is nearly chemically inert.

WHAT IS A to 15 test?

TO-15 is a performance-based method prepared by EPA as a guidance document for monitoring subsets of those volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are mentioned in Title III of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990.

What is microbiological examination of food?

Microbiological analysis of food products is the use of biological, biochemical, molecular or chemical methods for the detection, identification or enumeration of microorganisms in a material (e.g. food, drink, environmental or clinical sample). It is often applied to disease causing and spoilage microorganisms.

What is a Silonite canister?

All Entech canisters feature SiloniteTM, an ultra-inert ceramic coating that prevents exposure of target chemicals to catalytic metal surfaces and increases the range of recoverable compounds. This coating also ensures Entech canisters clean up faster than competitive canisters, saving you time and money.

What are 4 types of microbial food analysis?

Common test formats for microbial food testing are ELISA assays, real-time PCR tests, nutrient plates and agar plates.

What is microbial limit test?

The microbial limit test (MLT) is performed to assess how many and which of certain viable microorganisms are present in non-sterile pharmaceutical, healthcare or cosmetics manufacturing samples that range from raw materials to finished products.

What is a summa process?

Although “SUMMA” really refers to the process used to apply a Nickel/Chromium oxide layer to the inside of the canister, the canisters themselves became known as SUMMA canisters.

What does a summa canister do?

Summa canisters or similarly treated canisters are rugged containers designed to provide superior inertness and extended sample storage times. Evacuated canisters also do not require a sampling pump for sample collection.

What is acceptable CFU?

Products intended for consumption in their raw form should contain less than 100 CFU/gram.

What is the acceptable microbial count?

Counts outside the normal 25-250 range may give erroneous indications of the actual bacterial composition of the sample. Dilution factors may exaggerate low counts (less than 25), and crowded plates (greater than 250) may be difficult to count or may inhibit the growth of some bacteria, resulting in a low count.

What are the acceptable microbial limits?

per gram (the limit of the Most Probable Number test) has been given as the satisfactory criteria for this organism. Levels exceeding 100 per gram are unacceptable and indicate a level of contamination which may have introduced pathogens or that pathogens, if present in the food prior to processing, may have survived.

What is an acceptable aerobic plate count?

How do summa canisters work?

What is a safe aerobic plate count?

The suitable colony counting range (10) is 25-250. The automated spiral plate count method for the examination of foods and cosmetics (5), outlined below, conforms to AOAC Official Methods of Analysis, sec.

What is acceptable cfu?

What is the recommended air volume for to-14 air toxics?

Compendium Method TO-14 air toxics”) for air volumes of 2 L at relative humidities below 65% and temperatures below 30E C. At humidities above 65% and ambient temperatures above 30E C, air volumes should be reduced to 0.5 L. Air volumes may be extended to 5 L or more for species ranging in volatility from n-C 4

How does the to-14a-13 method work?

Page 14A-13 Method TO-14A VOCs 9.1.3.2 For automatic operation, the timer is wired to start and stop the pump at appropriate times for the desired sample period. The timer must also control the solenoid valve, to open the valve when starting the pump and close the valve when stopping the pump.

How are ambient air temperatures recorded in the to-14a?

Temperatures of ambient air and sampler box interior are recorded on the Compendium Method TO-14A field test data sheet (FTDS), as illustrated in Figure 10. Note: The following discussion is related to Figure 2.] 9.2.5

What are the VOCs in to-14a?

Method TO-14A VOCs TABLE 6. (continued) Peak No. Type Int Type Ret Time Signal Description Compound Name Area Amount 30 1 BV 20.778 Mass 104.00 amu STYRENE 3145 1695 pptv 31 1 BH 20.887 Mass 83.00 amu