How do you get Streptococcus sanguis?

Streptococcus sanguinis, S. oralis, and S. gordonii cause endocarditis in patients with damaged heart valves and reach the bloodstream mainly from the mouth, as a result of dental procedures, such as tooth extraction.

How does S. sanguinis cause endocarditis?

S. sanguinis may gain entrance to the bloodstream when opportunity presents (dental cleanings and surgeries) and colonize the heart valves, particularly the mitral and aortic valves, where it is the most common cause of subacute bacterial endocarditis.

Where is Streptococcus sanguinis found in the body?

sanguinis is a commensal bacterium that is widely distributed in the oral cavity. It exists on tooth surfaces, oral mucosa surfaces and in human saliva [20,29,30]. As a facultative anaerobic species, S. sanguinis is abundant in both supragingival and subgingival plaque [15,31].

How is Streptococcus sanguinis treated?

Conclusions: Combined treatment with vancomycin-gentamicin may be highly efficacious in patients with endocarditis caused by penicillin-resistant Streptococcus sanguis. Other combinations, such as imipenem-gentamicin and teicoplanin-gentamicin, may be also advantageous.

Does Streptococcus sanguis cause dental caries?

Streptococcus sanguinis, one of the predominant species of the indigenous oral biota colonizing saliva and dental plaque, is usually associated with tooth surfaces free of caries [Marchant et al., 2001; Becker et al., 2002].

What is Streptococcus sanguinis?

Streptococcus sanguinis, formerly known as Streptococcus sanguis, is a Gram-positive facultative anaerobic coccus species of bacteria and a member of the Viridans Streptococcus group.

What is penicillin susceptibility to Streptococcus sanguinis?

Penicillin susceptibility for Streptococcus sanguinis has been documented in the medical literature to be 60% [ 8 ]. Ceftriaxone and vancomycin susceptibility was shown to be 92% and 100% [ 8 ], respectively.

What is the genome size of Streptococcus sanguinis?

The genome spans 2,388,435 bp and is larger than most of the other 21 streptococcal genomes that have been sequenced. The GC content of the S. sanguinis genome is 43.4% (higher than the GC contents of other streptococci).

Is Group B streptococcus sanguinis a pathogen in the urinary tract?

In terms of streptococcus species, it is well known that group B streptococcus is a colonizer of the urinary tract [ 3 ]. Previous laboratory testing has documented that viridians streptococci, including Streptococcus sanguinis, have been grown in urinary isolates, but it is unusual for isolates to be pathogenic [ 4, 5 ].